1. 1. A company may have a sole member when it is formed and also when all its shares come to be held by a single person (single-member company).
2. 2. Member States may, pending coordination of national laws relating to groups, lay down special provisions or penalties for cases where:
(a)((a)) a natural person is the sole member of several companies; or
(b)((b)) a single-member company or any other legal person is the sole member of a company.