| Temperature-related | Wind-related | Water-related | Solid mass-related
Chronic | Changing temperature (air, freshwater, marine water) | Changing wind patterns | Changing precipitation patterns and types (rain, hail, snow/ice) | Coastal erosion
Heat stress | | Precipitation or hydrological variability | Soil degradation
Temperature variability | | Ocean acidification | Soil erosion
Permafrost thawing | | Saline intrusion | Solifluction
| | Sea level rise |
| | Water stress |
Acute | Heat wave | Cyclone, hurricane, typhoon | Drought | Avalanche
Cold wave/frost | Storm (including blizzards, dust and sandstorms) | Heavy precipitation (rain, hail, snow/ice) | Landslide
Wildfire | Tornado | Flood (coastal, fluvial, pluvial, ground water) | Subsidence
| | Glacial lake outburst |