1.The competent authorities shall require institutions to provide own funds which are always more than or equal to the sum of: (i) the capital requirements, calculated in accordance with Annexes I, II and VI, for their trading-book business; (ii) the capital requirements, calculated in accordance with Annex III, for all of their business activities; (iii) the capital requirements imposed in Directive 89/647/EEC for all of their business activities, excluding both their trading-book business and their illiquid assets it they are deducted from own funds under paragraph 2 (d) of Annex V; (iv) the capital requirements imposed in paragraph 2. Irrespective of the amount of the capital requirement referred to in (i) to (iv) the own-funds requirement for investment firms shall never be less than the amount prescribed in Annex IV.
2.The competent authorities shall require institutions to cover the risks arising in connection with business that is outside the scope of both this Directive and Directive 89/647/EEC and considered to be similar to the risks covered by those Directives by adequate own funds.
3.If the own funds held by an institution fall below the amount of the own funds requirement imposed in paragraph 1, the competent authorities shall ensure that the institution in question takes appropriate measures to rectify its situation as quickly as possible.
4.The competent authorities shall require institutions to set up systems to monitor and control the interest-rate risk on all of their business, and those systems shall be subject to overview by the competent authorities.
5.Institutions shall be required to satisfy their competent authorities that they employ systems which can calculate their financial positions with reasonable accuracy at any time.
6.Notwithstanding paragraph 1, the competent authorities may allow institutions to calculate the capital requirements for their trading-book business in accordance with Directive 89/647/EEC rather than in accordance with Annexes I and II to this Directive provided that: (i) the trading-book business of such institutions does not normally exceed 5 % of their total business; (ii) their total trading-book positions do not normally exceed ECU 15 million; and (iii) the trading-book business of such institutions never exceeds 6 % of their total business and their total trading-book positions never exceed ECU 20 million.
7.In order to calculate the proportion that trading-book business bears to total business as in paragraph 6 (i) and (iii), the competent authorities may refer either to the size of the combined on- and off-balance-sheet business, to the profit and loss account or to the own funds of the institutions in question, or to a combination of those measurements. When the size of on- and off-balance-sheet business is assessed, debt instruments shall be valued at their market prices or their principal values, equities at their market prices and derivatives according to the nominal or market values of the instruments underlying them. Long positions and short positions shall be summed regardless of their signs.
8.If an institution should happen for more than a short period to exceed either or both of the limits imposed in paragraph 6 (i) and (ii) or to exceed either or both of the limits imposed in paragraph 6 (iii), it shall be required to meet the requirements imposed in Article 4 (1) (i) rather than those of Directive 89/647/EEC in respect of its trading-book business and to notify the competent authority. MONITORING AND CONTROL OF LARGE EXPOSURES