(16)Despite the entry into force of Directive 2003/41/EC, cross-border activity has been limited due to the differences in national social and labour law. Furthermore, important prudential barriers remain which make it more expensive for IORPs to operate pension schemes across borders. In addition, the current minimum level of protection for members and beneficiaries needs to be improved. This is all the more important as longevity and market risks are increasingly borne by members and beneficiaries rather than the IORP or the sponsoring undertaking. In addition, the current minimum level of information provision to members and beneficiaries needs to be increased.