(4)In its ‘Action plan to tackle non-performing loans in Europe’ of 11 July 2017, the Council called upon various institutions to take appropriate measures to further address the high number of NPEs in the Union and to prevent their build-up in the future. The action plan sets out a comprehensive approach that focuses on a mix of complementary policy actions in four areas: (i) supervision; (ii) structural reforms of insolvency and debt recovery frameworks; (iii) development of secondary markets for distressed assets; (iv) fostering restructuring of the banking system. Actions in those areas are to be taken at Union and at national level, where appropriate. The Commission announced a similar intention in its ‘Communication on completing the Banking Union’ of 11 October 2017, which called for a comprehensive package on tackling non-performing loans (NPLs) within the Union.