Appendix A
CLASSIFICATION OF CLIMATE-RELATED HAZARDS (1)
Temperature-related | Wind-related | Water-related | Solid mass-related | |
Chronic | Changing temperature (air, freshwater, marine water) | Changing wind patterns | Changing precipitation patterns and types (rain, hail, snow/ice) | Coastal erosion |
Heat stress | Precipitation or hydrological variability | Soil degradation | ||
Temperature variability | Ocean acidification | Soil erosion | ||
Permafrost thawing | Saline intrusion | Solifluction | ||
Sea level rise | ||||
Water stress | ||||
Acute | Heat wave | Cyclone, hurricane, typhoon | Drought | Avalanche |
Cold wave/frost | Storm (including blizzards, dust and sandstorms) | Heavy precipitation (rain, hail, snow/ice) | Landslide | |
Wildfire | Tornado | Flood (coastal, fluvial, pluvial, ground water) | Subsidence | |
Glacial lake outburst |
(1) The list of climate-related hazards in this table is non-exhaustive, and constitutes only an indicative list of most widespread hazards that are to be taken into account as a minimum in the climate risk and vulnerability assessment.