(29)The definition of material recycling in this Regulation should complement the definitions of recycling and material recovery set out in Directive 2008/98/EC. Material recycling keeps resources in circulation within the material economy and should therefore not include the biological treatment of waste. The definition of material recycling should not affect the calculation of the recycling targets set for Member States under this Regulation. Those targets and their calculation are based on the definition of recycling set out in Directive 2008/98/EC.