close links

Defined in Article 2, Directive 2005/68/EC

Definitions over time (1)

  1. 21/09/2007 – today applies on 12/11/2026 Article 2, Directive 2005/68/EC Scope: Whole act

    For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply:

    ‘close links’ means a situation in which two or more natural or legal persons are linked by: participation, which shall mean the ownership, direct or by way of control, of 20 % or more of the voting rights or capital of an undertaking, or control, in all the cases referred to in Article 1(1) and (2) of Directive 83/349/EEC or a similar relationship between any natural or legal person and an undertaking;

Earlier definition records in this act (1)

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Used in (7 places in 4 provisions on 12/11/2026)

Directive 2005/68/EC (7 in 4)

Recital 19 · Article 22 · Article 73 · Article 31

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