(2)A general principle governing resolution is that shareholders and creditors should absorb losses in resolution in accordance with the order of priority of their claims under normal insolvency proceedings. Furthermore, creditors of the same class should be treated in an equitable manner. Against this background, the discretion of resolution authorities to fully or partially exclude certain liabilities from bail-in and pass the losses onto other creditors or, where necessary, to the resolution funds needs to be clearly defined. Therefore, the circumstances allowing creditors to be excluded from bail-in need to be narrowly clarified and any deviation from the principle of equal treatment of creditors of the same rank (the so-called pari passu principle) must be proportionate, justified by the public interest and not discriminatory.