(4)In order to discharge their supervisory duties in a comprehensive manner, it is also important that competent authorities be able to exchange relevant information they may hold, including information on investment firms, market operators, data service reporting providers, credit institutions, financial counterparties, members or participants of regulated markets, multilateral trading facilities or persons exempt under Article 2 or 3 of Directive 2014/65/EU. In addition, competent authorities should be able to exchange relevant background information on persons who provide investment services without the required authorisation under Directive 2014/65/EU.