1. An investment firm shall be deemed to have executed a transaction within the meaning of Article 2, where it provides any of the following services or performs any of the following activities that result in a transaction:
((a))
reception and transmission of orders in relation to one or more financial instruments;
((b))
execution of orders on behalf of clients;
((c))
dealing on own account;
((d))
making an investment decision in accordance with a discretionary mandate given by a client;
((e))
transfer of financial instruments to or from accounts.
2. An investment firm shall not be deemed to have executed a transaction where it has transmitted an order in accordance with Article 4.