(4)Encumbered assets or collateral received and other off-balance-sheet items may be pledged to secure funding. Therefore, in order to allow market participants to better understand and analyse the liquidity and solvency profiles of institutions and access information about the availability of assets to secure funding, institutions should disclose the encumbrance of all on-balance-sheet assets and the encumbrance of all off-balance-sheet items separately. The disclosure should relate to all collateral received, arising from all on-balance-sheet and off-balance-sheet transactions regardless of their maturity, including all operations with central banks. While assets disclosed as encumbered assets include assets encumbered as a result of all operations with any counterparty (including central banks), it is not necessary to disclose the encumbrance resulting from operationswith centralbanks separately from the encumbrance resulting from operations with other counterparties. This is without prejudice to the freedom for central banks to establish the modalities for the disclosure of emergency liquidity assistance.