(4)The additional obligations and powers of competent authorities of administrators of critical benchmarks require a formal process for the determination of critical benchmarks. In accordance with Article 20(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1011, a benchmark is considered as being a critical benchmark where it is used directly or indirectly within a combination of benchmarks as a reference for financial instruments or financial contracts or for measuring the performance of investment funds, having a total value of at least EUR 500 billion on the basis of all the ranges of maturities or tenors of the benchmark, where applicable.