(10)MAS has investigation powers under Part IX, Division 3 of the SFA and under the Criminal Procedure Code that include powers to compel production of evidence, interview and take statements from suspects and witnesses, arrest suspects and seize property in certain circumstances. MAS supervises AEs' and RMOs' risk management practices and controls, through both on-site and off-site inspections. Section 45 of the SFA empowers MAS to issue directions to AEs and RMOs in relation to specific matters as specified by the SFA to ensure investor protection, the functioning of fair, orderly and transparent markets, the integrity and stability of the capital markets and compliance with any condition or restriction imposed by MAS. MAS may impose fines and issue reprimands for the infringement of provisions of the SFA or of its subsidiary legislation. MAS may also remove officers in situations specified in section 43(1) and where it considers that doing so is in the interest of the public. MAS is also empowered to revoke the licence of an AE or RMO under the conditions set out in section 14 of the SFA. Furthermore, AEs and RMOs are required under sections 15 and 33 of the SFA to ensure proper regulation and supervision of their members. In addition, AEs are required to notify MAS of any disciplinary action taken against a member under section 16(1)(f) of the SFA. The SFA provides for penalties where the business or listing rules are not compliant with the requirements set out by MAS. Finally, under section 46AA of the SFA, MAS is equipped with emergency powers to direct an AE or RMO to take action to maintain or restore the fair, orderly and transparent operation of the market when it is in the interest of the public or necessary for the protection of investors.