(13)With a view to enhancing the perception of independence of credit rating agencies vis-à-vis the rated entities, Regulation (EU) No 462/2013 extends in Article 6(4), 6a and 6b of Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009 the rules on conflicts of interest to those caused by shareholders or members holding a significant position within the CRA. The Japanese legal and supervisory framework requires CRAs to put in place measures to ensure that the CRA does not harm the interests of investors in the process of determining a credit rating, in particular when a rated entity has a 5 % or more shareholding in the CRA. Furthermore, a CRA is prohibited from carrying out a rating altogether if the CRA has an interest in the rated entity.